#ECFG14 14th European Conference on Fungal Genetics

To #ECFG14 crowd: wondering what meeting to attend next? Apply now and secure a spot for the 2018 Cellular and Molecular Fungal Biology GRS and GRC!  https://twitter.com/RokasLab/status/951119714582974464 …

@talbotlabexeter @KamounLab And here is the paper about hotspots of integration @KamounLab mentioned #ECFG14  https://www.biorxiv.org/content/early/2017/01/20/100834.full.pdf+html …

#ECFG14  https://twitter.com/kamounlab/status/961638586654347264 …

Luis Larrondo: LOV domain 2-hybrid for light-responsive transcriptional regulation of genes of interest. #ECFG14

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#ECFG14 Nani Mariani: Genotyping-by-sequencing of Fusarium isolates from Indonesia and pathogenicity analysis. extensive genotypic and pathogenic diversity of Foc from Indonesia.

Thinking a lot about this paper from Tel Aviv's Ronen Ben-Ami showing anti-fungal resistance associated with prior antibacterial exposure. Patient history and microbiome history impacts the hand the host is dealt #ECFG14  http://aac.asm.org/content/early/2012/02/01/AAC.05947-11.full.pdf …

Nani Maryani reminding us of some great #historyofPlantPathology #ECFG14 #panamaDisease Indonesia is the centre of origin and diversity of banana.

#ECFG14 time to #gobananas! Nani Maryani Martawi on genetic variation in Indonesian Fusarium oxysporum isolates from banana

#ECFG14 Evolutionary convergence in fungal ligninolytic enzymes Ivan Ayuso-Fernadez. resurrection of ancestral lignin POD. oxidation of major non-phenolic lignin appeared several times in evolution

#ECFG14 exciting talk by Ivan Ayuso-Fernandez, CSIC, Spain Evolutionary convergence in fungal ligninolytic enzymes, showing resurrection of ancestral lignin POD

#ECFG14 worth a read from @EvoMPMI When resistance gene pyramids are not durable—the role of pathogen diversity - Molecular Plant Pathology - Wiley Online Library  http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/mpp.12636/abstract …

#ECFG14 @EvoMPMI hypothesis: Ramularia collo-cygni had a global sexual population; one became pathogenic. popSizeABC tool used to infer historical population size. Rc-c had a recent (when?) expansion which is clonal, from this historical sexual population.

Gustavo Goldman: normalizing to housekeeping genes (GPD, BTub) gives the wrong answer. Normalize using RNAseq! #ECFG14 Great talk about CrzA, ZipB, and the caspofungin paradoxical effect

#ECFG14 @EvoMPMI #populationgenomics sequenced genomes of 20 isolates from Europe, NZ and Uruguay, Argentina and diverse hosts. some of the effectors exhibit diversity. no accelerated sequence evolution for effectors.

@EvoMPMI asking how Ramularia collo-cygni became to be an emergent pathogen #ECFG14

#ECFG14 @EvoMPMI Ramularia split from Zymoseptoria 57MYA Ramularia does not have a 2-speed genome!

#ECFG14 @EvoMPMI Evolutionary history of global Ramularia leaf spot epidemics: start of the project: this is an emerging pathogen that was always there? high latency; few fungicides:; no host R; limited knowledge of infection biology #oomyceteswelcome #oomycetelikeorganisms

#ECFG14  https://twitter.com/ssukno/status/968831709105049600 …

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#ECFG14 Great talk from @doe_jgi on prevalence of 6mA in fungi.

אל תגידו "לא ידעתי"! המציאות מוצגת בפניכם בכל מדיה אפשרית. לימדו. השכילו. הסיקו את המסקנות.  http://www.tivonews.co.il/Articles/News/20180228-Animals-Farmed.aspx … #Purim #ECFG14 #startup #HolySepulchre

#ECFG14 Mondo: 6mA is biased towards core functional genes rather than context-specific genes. what regulates 6mA? novel machinery? 5mC and 6mA are inversely correlated and occupy distinct genomic locations, link to genomic architecture?

#ECFG14 Stephen Mondo: what genes regulate 6mA? candidates identified, work in progress... 6mA and 5mC are inversly correlated in fungi; 6mA at genes, 5mC at repeats, link to genome architecture?

#ECFG14 Mondo: 6ma positively impacts gene expression.marks highly active genes, but is not a pre-requisite for expression. marks them for constitutive expression?

#ECFG14 Stephen Mondo: 6mA marks highly expressed genes; may be important for high-levels of constitutive gene expression; enhances or maintains high expression activity

#ECFG14 6mA (NOT 5mC) also in oomycetes; See work in Suomeng Dong's Lab on Phytophthora 6mA methylomes; associated with adaptive genome regions  http://sco.lt/5QpYHJ 

#ECFG14 Stephen Mondo: 6mA a gene-expression-associated epigenomic mark in eukaryotes found in #Fungi via PacBio sequencing at #JGI  https://www.nature.com/articles/ng.3859 …

#ECFG14 Stephen Mondo using PacBio to detect 6mA across fungal genomes; 6mA is symmetric at ApT sites, avoids TAT trinucleotides

Also with us looking in Aspergillus:  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/29317534/ … #ECFG14

Next up is @doe_jgi Stephen Mondo. A valued collaborator of our lab and one of our favorite genome warriors. See some of his work in Nature Genetics:  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/28481340/ … #ECFG14

#ECFG14 Stephen J. Mondo, Joint Genome Institute, USA Widespread adenine N6-methylation of active genes in fungi

Freezing @ #ECFG14 Why the AC when it's a balmy 20C outside?

#ECFG14 Li-Jun Ma: TEs play important roles in the micro-evolution of the species complex F. oxysporum. expanded kinome enhances the ability to sense envt conditions (histidine kinases) and includes responses (TOR signalling) #ConvergentEvolution

Quite enjoyed the talk by @laszlognagy #ECFG14 Great work, excellent technical skills, and #StarTrekDiscovery references!

#ECFG14 Li-Jun Ma: genome evolution in Fusarium oxysporum species complex. dispensable chromosomes have distinct TEs in plant and human pathogenic sp. Function?

A shout-out to Hans van Etten, leader in the field of fungal dispensable chromosomes, by Li-Jun Ma. Great way to start a talk, remembering the great ones! #ECFG14 @plantdisease @WilsonLab @KiwiYoung

#ecfg14 Li-Jun Ma, University of Massachusetts Amherst, USA Genome evolution and functional adaptation of the species complex Fusarium oxysporum

#ECFG14 hi

@toni_gabaldon Adhesion ability correlates w infection ability in Candida species #ECFG14

#ECFG14 @toni_gabaldon At the sequence level C glabrata and S cerevisiae are as divergent as humans and fish

@fmartin1954 There is almost a day to go to beat my wenn-diagran @ #ECFG14 :)

#ECFG14 @toni_gabaldon recent evolution in Candida glabrata  https://academic.oup.com/femsyr/article/16/6/fow064/2198008 …

Presenting my poster on unknown but really interesting species of Aspergilli today at #ECFG14! Poster number 67! Tons of genetic potential for production of secondary metabolites! Come and have a chat :) #CeMiSt

#ECFG14 @laszlonagy most hydrophobin genes are developmentally regulated. C2H2 and Zn-cluster TFs dominate fruiting body transcriptomes. F-box proteins show stage/tissue specific #hyphal expression

Pulsed field gels and now fungal hydrophobins - my youth revisited #nostalgia @laszlognagy #ECFG14

#ECFG14 Laszlo nagy: 20% of constitutively expressed genes show differential expression of isoforms during fruiting body development!

#ECFG14 #banvenndiagrams

Nagy: alternative splicing expands the space of developmentally regulated genes #ECFG14

#ECFG14 @laszlonagy shared signatures of gene expression in complex multicellular structures  https://www.nature.com/articles/s41559-017-0347-8 …

#ECFG14 Laszlo Nagy respectfully disagrees with star trek

#ECFG14 @laszlonagy #Fungi #fungalgenetics meets #StarTrekDiscovery  https://twitter.com/LauraGrenvilleB/status/968765748255567873 …

Yes! #StarTrekDiscovery mention at #ECFG14

#ecfg14 Laszlo’s Holy Grail: Characterizing the genetic toolbox involved in fruiting body development in Basidiomycota

#ECFG14 @laszlonagy multiple origins of complex multicellularity:  https://www.biorxiv.org/content/early/2017/12/08/230532 …

Nagy: Only 5 lineages have evolved complex multicellularity- metazoans, brown and red algae, plants and fungi. Uniquely, fungi evolved complex multicellularity more than once #ECFG14

Unfortunately not able to attend #ECFG14. But following all the awesome tweets from afar…

Now @laszlognagy on the genomic changes underlying multiple, independent origins of complex multicellularity in fungi #ECFG14

#ECFG14 lovely work from @EvaStukenbrock #coolscience fascinating world of accessory chromosomes in some #fungi  https://twitter.com/fungidb/status/968761389186772992 …

#ECFG14 @EvaStukenbrock methyltransfereases: deletion of Kmt1 activates transcription of transposable elements. drives new chromosome formations, breakages and deletions. Kmt61 deletion confers stability of accessory chromosomes

#ECFG14 @EvaStukenbrock: histone methylation regulates activity of TEs which in turn is important for chromosome stability

#ECFG14 @EvaStukenbrock cool! birth of new chromosomes in kmt1 mutant of Zymospetoria tritici but increased stability of accessory chromosomes

#ECFG14 @EvaStukenbrock Zymoseptoria accessory chromosomes: low gene density, high repeat, ancient. Role? fitness effect during host infection in a cultivar-dependent manner. encode host-specific virulence determinants w negative effect on fitness?  http://mbio.asm.org/content/8/6/e01919-17.executive-summary?related-urls=yes&legid=mbio;8/6/e01919-17 …

#ECFG14 @EvaStukenbrock: fast chromosome losses in Z. tritici

Accessory chromosomes of Zymoseptoria tritici affect fitness of the fungus during host infection. @EvaStukenbrock #ECFG14  http://mbio.asm.org/cgi/content/long/8/6/e01919-17 …

#ECFG14 @EvaStukenbrock Zymospetoria tritici aneuploids have no obvious phenotypes; but increased virulence on one line; contrast with Fusarium oxysporum...

Eva Stukenbrock : Z. tritici has 8 accessory chromosomes! They are ancient (related species have them) what is their role? #ECFG14

#ECFG14 Eva now describing accessory chromosomes in Zymoseptoria tritici, they are ancient, transcriptionally silenced, having ‘normal’ telomeres and centromere

#ECFG14 @EvaStukenbrock Why the accessory chromosomes in Zymospetoria tritici? Ancient in genus Zymospetoria; high-repeat low gene content

#ECFG14 @EvaStukenbrock histone methyltransferases in genome stability: accessory chromosome dynamics in Zymoseptoria #fungal #genomes are highly dynamic; ploidy; rapidly evolving repeat rich regions; Orphan regions; & accessory chromosomes. Functions of accessory chromosomes?

#ECFG14 @EvaStukenbrock 8 accessory chromosomes in Zymospetoria tritici. EIGHT!! #genomeevolution #crazyfungalgenomes #twospeedgenome

Now at #ECFG14 @EvaStukenbrock easy come, easy go---accessory chromosomes in Zymospetoria tritici #genomeevolution #crazyfungalgenomes #accessorychromosomes

HJ: they show a transition of individuality , from nuclear-level to heterokaryon level selection during evolution. Division of labour between the 2 nuclei and additive fitness enabled it. @H_S_Johannesson #ECFG14

#ECFG14 @H_S_Johannesson also find selection and selfish behaviour at the nuclear level. verified evolutionary transition in individuality. division of labour btwn nuclear types; heterokaryosis creates phenotypic plasticity; also selection/selfish nuclei  https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.1086/695803 …

Heterokaryosis provides phenotypic flexibility - nuclei has complementary traits consistent with division of labour - @H_S_Johannesson #ECFG14  https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/full/10.1086/695803#.WpZa6mz2U4k.twitter …

#ECFG14 @H_S_Johannesson Trade offs in sexual and vegetative fitness trains suggest division of labour. Additive fitness effect in the heterokaryon suggests that heterokaryosis provides phenotypic flexibility. https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.1086/695803 …

#ECFG14 @H_S_Johannesson measure nuclear ratios: deterministic, not random, mechanisms? different in different lineages/species? selection?  https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.1086/695803 …

#ECFG14 @H_S_Johannesson mating type heterokaryosis dominates the lifecycle; nuclear cooperation is required, but nucleus may escape & form homokaryotic spores. evolved from heterothallic ancestor 1MYA. has there been a shift in individuality? introgression disrupted coevolution?

Plenary speaker now has a light sabre - all is good @H_S_Johannesson #ECFG14

#ECFG14 Hanna Johannesson: more diversity in mat chromosomes

#ECFG14 @H_S_Johannesson what is the unit of selection in fungi? nucleus? mycelium? both? case study: Neurospora tetrasperma, 4 spored pseudohomothallic #fungus see publications:  https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-017-01317-6 … and  https://genome.cshlp.org/content/early/2016/03/11/gr.197244.115 …

Hanna Johannesson discussing what it means to be a fungal individual and the cost/benefit of heterogeneity #ECFG14 Reminding me of this paper from @RobinMay9 showing that fungal individuals can act on behalf of the group  https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms6194.pdf …

#ECFG14 Hanna Johannesson doesn't want to call it her favorite fungus...because doing that you might hurt the other fungi

#ECFG14 @H_S_Johannesson What's a fungal individual? individuum = unidivisable; What is the level of selection? the nucleus, the mycelium, or both-multilevel selection? Set up an experiment to address this Q

Where does selection act? How to define the fungal individual? Is selection acting at the level of nucleus, mycelium, or both, as example of multilevel selection? @H_S_Johannesson #ECFG14

#ECFG14 Very much looking forward to @H_S_Johannesson keynote talk this morning on the evolutionary perspective on the fungal individual; check her Lab website  http://www.iob.uu.se/research/systematic-biology/johannesson/ …

#ECFG14 @H_S_Johannesson st the interface between #evolutionarybiology and #fungalgenetics The fungal individual: the evolutionary perspective.

#ecfg14 Hanna Johannesson, Uppsala University, Sweden The fungal individual: an evolutionary perspective

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The latest The Science & Tech News Daily!  https://paper.li/XEqualsXScience?edition_id=a5f9bb40-1c18-11e8-88df-0cc47a0d15fd … Thanks to @FQXi @BBCTech @KamounLab #ecfg14 #sti

Shay Covo UV repair genes in F. oxysporum are developmentally regulated #ECFG14

Terpitz. ImageJ plug-in for getting area of conidia and germlings. #ecfg14  https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-017-19103-1 …

@BallouLab Important question: is this a smaller or greater crime than choosing unpopular fonts for your presentation? #ECFG14

#ECFG14 Zheng Wang, Naval Research Laboratory, USA Omics and epigenetic investigation of radiation resistance mechanism in melanized fungi

A bit confused why audience members think it's ok to talk while speakers are speaking. We're all here to learn. Take your chat outside. #ecfg14

If you are not in the Fungi in the Environment session at #ECFG14, you are missing out. C. Gostinčar found a black yeast with a genome duplication AND the two haploid strains which formed the hybrid. Beautiful work!

@ThorstenLangner super cool talk on synthetic immune receptors. Will we soon (ish) be able to transfer an immune system? #ECFG14

Engineering synthetic immune receptors for Magnaporthe by optimising specific binding between a Pik-like NLR integrated HMA domain and a cognate Avr- first step to predictive engineered disease resistance for blast @ThorstenLangner from @KamounLab #ECFG14

Despite its Linnean name, Magnaporthe oryzae is not just a pathogen of rice @ThorstenLangner @PetrusGladioli #ECFG14  http://www.biorxiv.org/content/early/2017/07/10/161513 …

#ECFG14 @ThorstenLangner referring to @PetrusGladioli pop genomics analysis of Magnaporthe oryzae. First seen on @biorxivpreprint  https://twitter.com/petrusgladioli/status/884505476561555457 …

The latest Life Science in the Cloud!  https://paper.li/SeqComplete/1346066118?edition_id=95b9d210-1baf-11e8-a980-0cc47a0d1605 … Thanks to @CatonCommercial @Mcstay2814 @ClinicalTools #ecfg14

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#ECFG14 Daria Feldman HMF-induced small secreted proteins in white rot fungus, Pleurotus ostreatus  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5674062/ …

Genomic variation associated with transposable elements! #twospeedgenome #ECFG14 Ayako Tsushima

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Neil Gow @MRCcmm @neil_gow talking about mannans and the fungal cell wall #ECFG14  https://twitter.com/kamounlab/status/968395205408849920 …

#ECFG14 Nicole Ludwig: U mayday secretome: 125 secreted proteins 88 w/out functional domains. Stop secreted proteins are essential for biotrophy. KOs arrest after penetration & induce HR. Stp1,3,4 and Pep1 form a protein complex. function? Protection of effectors?translocation?

Str2 promotes alkaline environment in host & is important for biofilm formation in Candida albicans - Bettina Böttcher #ECFG14

#ECFG14 Daria Feldman, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel Are small secreted proteins (SSPs) regulators of secondary metabolism in the white rot fungus Pleurotus ostreatus?

Unpaired accessory chromosomes show female specific drive! Whoa!! Michael Habig #ECFG14

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#ECFG14 plant-fungus interaction: Nicole Ludwig from the kahmann lab identified a 4 effector complex crucial for infection in U. maydis

Loving these chromosome talks! #ECFG14  https://twitter.com/kamounlab/status/968483873570152449 …

Congrats to Like Fokkens for Veni Fellowship >> newest member of #WRIFO Women Researchers in Fungi & Oomycetes - a list to help diversity of speakers & awardees  http://fungalgenomes.org/blog/2016/04/wrifo/ … #ECFG14 [great speaker btw]

#ECFG14 Like Fokkens: conflicting selection pressures on different classes of genes results in emergence of complex genome organization; #twospeedgenome and beyond!

Core effectors of Ustilago maydis identified from diverse smut fungi, characterised by @nic_ludwig95 suggests 4 effectors form a complex. Regine Kahmann lab. #ECFG14

#ECFG14 Like Fokkens: experimental evolution to determine the cost of TE invasion in Fusarium oxysporum; introduced a TE-rich accessory chromosome into a repeat-poor core genome strain #coolscience

#ECFG14 Like Fokkens on the costs of mobile DNA in Fusarium oxysporum evolution; testing the hypothesis by comparing pathogenic to endophytic strains; could help predict emergence of new diseases

Heterobasidion spp cause 1 billion EUR worth of losses per year in the timber industry! - Fred Asiegbu #ECFG14

Getting into the #CeMiSt line of thought and Not being able to join the #CeMiStopening I am now in the "fungi in the environment" session of #ECFG14!

With the #CeMiStOpening in spirit while attending a promising session on fungi in the environment at #ECFG14 @cemist_dtu First up: Fungi interacting with spruce trees in Norway by Fred Asiegbu

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Funny how the #ECFG14 tweets drift toward #sciencehumor as we get closer to the lunch break...

There are common cell death strategies in plants and humans for fungi (a rotten leaf vs a rotten nose, I thought I heard...?) #ECFG14 Amir Sharon

More philosophical thoughts @ #ECFG14  https://twitter.com/SimoneFouche/status/968432634048196608 …

Sharron: don’t clean the cold room! After 1 year dug out old plate and found bcl2 mutant still viable and had extended lifespan compared to WT #ECFG14

Never throwing anything away ever again. #ecfg14

@KamounLab #unexpectedlearningoutcomes from #ECFG14 a committee on cell death exists, and is constantly redefining what death is!

@ShebaAJ I was tempted to tweet "how can we take death seriously when it's described in comic sans" but then @mcmomany would say I'm snarky... #bancomicsans #ECFG14

How to define #Death #ECFG14  https://twitter.com/KamounLab/status/968432536887185408 …

Death takes many forms - Accidental cell death and Regulated cell death - latter divided into I. Apoptosis II. Autophagy III. Regulated Necrosis (& others when the 'death committee' get around to it!). Amir Sharon #ecfg14

Heard today #ECFG14: due to regular meetings the number of deaths increases

#ECFG14 Amir Sharon: the committee on cell death meets every 3 years and the list of cell death definitions increases everytime

#ECFG14 Amir Sharon on the meaning of death: accidental cell death vs regulated cell death

الحكومة الفلسطينية تبدأ إجتماعها بجلسة مشتركة بين غزة والضفة  https://www.psnews.ps/post/12351  #ECFG14 #Purim

الحكومة الفلسطينية تبدأ إجتماعها بجلسة مشتركة بين غزة والضفة  https://www.psnews.ps/post/12351  #ECFG14 #Purim

Sharon: asks is fungal RCD the Achilles heel of fungal pathogens #ECFG14

Chengshu Wang: And our very own Slp1 (see original paper linked) from Magnaporthe oryzae can complement virulence defects in Beauveria #ECFG14  http://www.plantcell.org/content/early/2012/01/18/tpc.111.092957 …  https://twitter.com/LauraGrenvilleB/status/968429311165386752 …

Chengshu: Divergent LysM effectors contribute to the virulence of Beauveria bassiana by evasion of insect immune defences #ECFG14  http://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.1006604 …

Chengshu Wang: Divergence and Convergence in virulence functions across insect- plant and human- pathogens. #ECFG14  https://academic.oup.com/gbe/article/8/5/1374/2939583#.WpUuzDT_L8A.twitter …

@SimoneFouche Thank you!! And as mentioned this morning, #ECFG14 check @SimoneFouche et al. The birth and death of effectors in rapidly evolving filamentous pathogen genomes  http://sco.lt/ ...

Chengshu Wang: Producing the adenosine analogues, cordycepin & pentostatin, with anti-leukaemia activity, from Cordyceps militaris- the Chinese medicine entomopathogenic fungus. #ECFG14  http://www.cell.com/cell-chemical-biology/abstract/S2451-9456%2817%2930327-6#.WpUsYOCrkcg.twitter …

Chengshu Wang #ECFG14 fungus-insect interactions: multiple divergence of fungal entomopathogenicity; frequent host jumping/switching. Lifestyle determines genome structure

@EvoMPMI @ShebaAJ That's the whole point. Variable (chaotic) biotic environment CAN result in predictable outcomes as illustrated by convergence. Just like rivers would dig up canyons. Timescales are important  https://twitter.com/KamounLab/status/968124353622740992 … #ECFG14